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The Constitution of the Philippines (, (スペイン語:Constitución de Filipinas)), popularly known as the 1987 Constitution, is the constitution or supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. It was adopted on October 15, 1986 and ratified on February 2, 1987 under President Corazón C. Aquino.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines )〕 Philippine constitutional law experts recognise three other previous constitutions as having effectively governed the country — the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, the 1973 Constitution, and the 1986 Freedom Constitution. Two further constitutions were drafted and adopted during two short-lived war-time governments, by the revolutionary forces during the Philippine Revolution with Emilio Aguinaldo as president and by the occupation forces during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II with José P. Laurel as President. ==Background of the 1987 Constitution== On March 25, 1986, following the People Power Revolution which ousted Ferdinand E. Marcos as President, and following on her own inauguration, Corazon C. Aquino issued Proclamation 3, declaring a national policy to implement the reforms mandated by the people, protecting their basic rights, adopting a provisional constitution, and providing for an orderly transition to a government under a new constitution. On April 23, President Aquino issued Proclamation № 9, creating a Constitutional Commission (popularly known as the "ConCom") to frame a new charter to supersede the Marcos-era 1973 Constitution. Aquino appointed 50 members to the Commission; the members were drawn from varied backgrounds, including several former congressmen, former Supreme Court Chief Justice Roberto Concepción, Roman Catholic bishop Teodoro Bacani, and film director Lino Brocka. Aquino also deliberately appointed five members, including former Labour Minister Blas Ople, who had been allied with Marcos until the latter's ouster. After the Commission had convened, it elected Cecilia Muñoz-Palma as its president. Muñoz-Palma had emerged as a leading figure in the anti-Marcos opposition movement following her retirement as the first female Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. The Commission finished the draft charter within four months after convening. Several issues were heatedly debated during the sessions, including on the form of government to adopt, the abolition of the death penalty, the continued retention of the Clark and Subic American military bases, and the integration of economic policies into the Constitution. Brocka would walk out of the Commission before its completion, and two other delegates would dissent from the final draft. The ConCom completed their task on October 12, 1986 and presented the draft constitution to President Aquino on October 15, 1986. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Constitution of the Philippines」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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